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What (who) is optical$55391$ - definition
![Chappe's]] [[semaphore tower]]s (18th century).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OptischerTelegraf.jpg?width=200 "Chappe's]] [[semaphore tower]]s (18th century).")
![An [[air traffic controller]] holding a signal light gun that can be used to direct aircraft experiencing a radio failure (2007).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TC with light gun.JPG?width=200 "An [[air traffic controller]] holding a signal light gun that can be used to direct aircraft experiencing a radio failure (2007).")
 at Geronimo Creek Observatory, Texas (1990-2016).jpg?width=200 "Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at 830 nm measured with the same LED sun photometer from 1990 to 2016 at Geronimo Creek Observatory, Texas. Measurements made at or near solar noon when the sun is not obstructed by clouds. Peaks indicate smoke, dust and smog. Saharan dust events are measured each summer.")
Wikipedia
Optical communication, also known as optical telecommunication, is communication at a distance using light to carry information. It can be performed visually or by using electronic devices. The earliest basic forms of optical communication date back several millennia, while the earliest electrical device created to do so was the photophone, invented in 1880.
An optical communication system uses a transmitter, which encodes a message into an optical signal, a channel, which carries the signal to its destination, and a receiver, which reproduces the message from the received optical signal. When electronic equipment is not employed the 'receiver' is a person visually observing and interpreting a signal, which may be either simple (such as the presence of a beacon fire) or complex (such as lights using color codes or flashed in a Morse code sequence).
Modern communication relies on optical networking systems using optical fiber, optical amplifiers, lasers, switches, routers, and other related technologies. Free-space optical communication use lasers to transmit signals in space, while terrestrial forms are naturally limited by geography and weather. This article provides a basic introduction to different forms of optical communication.
